Boiler



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Patented Mar. 1, 1927.

UNITED STATES" 1,619,171 PATENT OFFICE.

.HE'NRY n. WALLIS AND CHARLES 'r. KINGSTON, or DETROIT, M'ICHIGAN.

BOILER.

' Application filed March 29, 1924. Serial No. 702,827,

Our invention relates to an improvement in boilers of the vertical type,shown in the accompanying drawings and more particularly described inthelfollowing specification and claim.

' One of the objects of the present invention is to construct a boilerin which both the upper and lower tube sheets are dished or are ofconcavo-convex formation whereby they become self-supporting,eliminating the necessity of braces or of the stays necessary in boilersconstructed with flat heads or tube sheets.

line that the gases of combustion in their upward course may impingedirectly against the walls of the tubes transferring the heat byconvection and not by radiation as would be the case if the tubes werevertically disposed. When a volume of gas enters a vertical tube andstarts upon its upwardcourse it decreases in volume as its velocityincreases and having traveled upwardly a short distance there is only asmall core of gas,so to speak,in the center of each tube, the heat beingcarried to the wall of .One object infproviding a. dished lower head isthat it prevents mud from depositing or remaining upon the head betweenthe tubes,the crowning shape of the head assisting greatly in keepingthelatter clean,

as the mud may be readily washed from the crowning head when the boileris washed out ;a stream of water may be played directly down from theupper hand-hole to the center of the lower head.

Another feature of the invention consists in attaching to the undersideof theupper crown sheet a central pipe or tube-closed at its upperendextending downwardly, with its open end adjacent the lower. crownsheet ;the upper end ofithe tube above the water level bemg'perforatedfor the passage of steam from the steam space of the boiler down throughthe pipe to a horizontal pipe connected therewith for conveying of thesame.

the steam to the work, the central pipe being again perforated, at andimmediately below the water level, to admit water which being away fromthe hot gases will be directed downwardly and out through the pipecontiguous to the lower crown sheet,

the water circulating adjacent to the latter. Surrounding the tubes andspaced from the shell of the boiler and downwardly from the water levelin the boiler to a point adjacent the outer edge of the lower crownsheet is a sleeve, concentrically supported within the shell of theboil-er and open above and below for the circulationof the waterdownwardly between the sleeve and shell toward the crown sheet. 7

With the foregoingand other objects in view which will appear as thedescription proceeds the invention further resides in the details ofconstruction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood 7that changes may be made in the precise embodiment of the inventionherein disclosed without departing-from the spirit of the same.

fication: Figurel is a front elevation of a boiler embodying ourinvention.

Figure 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view Figure 3 is a taken throughthe upper crown sheet.

Referring nowto the letters of reference placed upon the drawings: r

A denotes the outer shell of the boiler .provided'withvhand openings A-.and A through which. access may be gained for cleaning. 7

B indicates the smoke box hinged atC, that access may be gained to theinterior for cleaning or. repairs. b D designates a fire box and E, thegrate ars.

F represents a lower tube sheet of concavo-convex formation riveted tothe wall of the fire box.

G denotes the upper tube sheet also of concavo-convex formation rivetedto the outer shell of the boiler.

horizontal sectional view H indicates a plurality of tubes bent adjaweprefer that they be flush or substantially flush with the outer surface;

for deliv I designates a central. pipeextending downwardly from afitting riveted to the upper tube sheets provided with a plurality ofapertures J, at and below the water level of the boiler to admit the*ater into the pipe that it may be directed dmvnwardl y and out throughits open end adjacent the lower tube sheet. The pipe I,- is alsoprovided with a closure plug K at its upper end and with a pluralityotapertures li directly below the upper tube sheet tlirough which steamis illll'llltl'tdltl the central pipe ry through a horizontalpipeMfto anengine or other device--not shown.

N, denotes a sleevesurrounding the tubes H and spaced from thesl'lel'l/o't the boiler. eittendmgfroin a point at ornearthe "ater levelof the boiler downwardly toward the lowertiibesheet that thewater mayei'rcnla'te downwardly between the sleeve and outer shell and adjacentthe lower tube sht ck-as indicated by the arrows inl ig- Having nowdesignated the several parts by reference letters the construction andoperation ofthe boiler will be readily understooc'l.

As previously pointed out the crowningshapo of the upper and lower tuliesheets eliminates the necessity of employing: the usual braces and staysreqi'iired in constructine boilers havingflat heads for the support ofthe tubes and it also relieresthe tubes of an; strain resulting fromtheir ends be ing flanged to overlap the tube sheets or heads. So alsothe tubes being" bout adjarent their endsinakes it practical to insertthe ends on the radius of'the respective heads. The bent ends of thetubes also provide for the expansion of the tlubes and that the tubesmay be inclined slightly 1n Order that the gases in their passagetherethrough inay'nnpinge upon the walls oi the tubes transferring theheat by CODVECfilOIl tothe surrounding body of Watera The crowningfbrlnation of the lower head materially posit occur.

in preventing the deposit of mad that would :resultitthe tube sheetwereflat and assists in freeing the head should any de- The central tube andinner sleeve provide meansfor the circulation of water downwardly towardthe lower crown sheet, as will be readily understood. Thehinged!constructioi'i ot the smoke box and the upper and lower hand-holeplates provide means whereby the boiler may be readilv eleanedor re 'iaired. The arelred coule'c-truetion of theupper crown sheet armorial lyaddsto the steam s jiaee of the boiler at a given water level.

Having; thus describedour"invention; we claim! i In a vertical tubeboileig upper and lewer tube sheets. a plurality of tubesconnectedto thetube sheets, a central pipe extending through the upper tube sheet andsuspended t-lierelrom and terminating irnrtaediath above the same, a.plug to close the upper end of said central pipe and the latterextending downwardly from the uppertube sheefltoa i point adjacent th elower the sheet and open at its lower end and having a pl-u i a lity o tapertures adjacent the water level, whereby the water in the boilel maycirculate downwardly tln'ough said pi pe: and be discharged therefroinadyacent the lower tube sheet. a horizontally di. aoseth pipe disposedbelow the upper tubesheet and: connected with the said eentral' pipe andextending through the shell oithe boiler l ietwee'n" the tubes torthepassage ot steani. .said central pipe having a plurality of) aperturesabove said horizontallydisposed pipe below the u per tUbGSllGQiZ opento-the steam spact 0d the boiler, whereby steam mat be :ulnritted in thesaid central pipe for passagethrough said horizontal pipe. a

In testimony whereof, we sign this specification. i it HENRY WALLI CHAS;T. Kl-NGSTQN.

